Report for Ergonomic Solutions for Arthritic Workers

Question: Examine about theReport for Ergonomic Solutions for Arthritic Workers. Answer: Presentation What is Arthritis? The human skeleton is divided at a few spots for the attainability of development. The gathering purpose of two bones equipped for development can be alluded as a joint. Joints change in types as per nature of the development required for the concerned piece of the body. These enunciations give solid association between the bones, teeth and the ligaments. Joint pain is basic clinical condition that includes particular kinds of disarranges of the joint. It results in inflammated joints alongside manifestations, for example, expanding, agony and firmness of the concerned piece of the body. The condition isn't sexual orientation or age explicit, in any case, it is seen as increasingly common in ladies and more established individuals. In UK around 10million individuals experience the ill effects of the condition (Nhs.uk 2016); the figure is progressively serious in US with around 50 million grown-ups and 300,000 kids influenced with Arthritis (Arthritis.org 2016). Types and Etiology of Arthritis There are in excess of 120 sorts of joint inflammation influencing various joints of the body with various etiologies. In any case, worldwide the most widely recognized sorts that are common among the populace are Osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis (Valderrabano et al 2009). Osteoarthritis the more typical of the two for the most part happens in ladies and at a mature age. Ligaments, the adaptable connective tissues that line the finish of the bones shaping a joint, tear or erode in Osteoarthritis (Sakalauskien? also, Jaunikien? 2010). It causes expanded grating between the bones and in the end agony, growing and firmness. Expanded erosion may prompt hard prods known as osteophytes. In extreme conditions the patient may require a joint substitution when remedial intercessions neglect to give enough solace to have an ordinary existence. The most widely recognized regions influenced by osteoarthritis are knee, hand, spine and hips. Related hazard factors incorporate heftiness, fam ily ancestry, age and injury to the concerned region. On the opposite Rheumatoid Arthritis is an immune system issue where the resistant arrangement of the body demonstrations against the synovium of the body, basic for the creation of synovial liquid that greases up the joints and guarantees smooth development of the joints (Wegner et al 2010). It in the long run makes extreme harm the joints. The specific reason for the autoimmunity isn't clear, despite the fact that researchers have demonstrated that the most strong hazard factors are hereditary inclination and natural variables. In Singapore around 45,000 (1% of the populace) individuals in the populace experiences Rheumatoid Arthritis (Singhealth.com.sg, 2016). Difficulties for Arthritic Workers Looks into show that working can assist an individual with a confusion or medical problem contrasted with having a jobless life. As of now referenced, Arthritis isn't age explicit, it tends to be predominant among the populace who are at their working age and cause differing scope of issues at their work environment, regardless of their activity. Joint pain is the most widely recognized crippling pandemic with wordy indications, for example, torment and weakness that can influence the profitability of a laborer. Studies propose that work can reduce the issues looked by a patient with joint pain, as the manifestations will in general happen less every now and again (Tang et al 2011). With suitable observing of working hours and condition in the working environment work can end up being restorative for such patients. A few nations have Equality Acts with respect to work rights for representatives. On the off chance that the concerned individual qualifies as incapacitated by the meaning s of the Act, the business needs to offer satisfactory help to its representatives by giving right instruments and working conditions (Adamou et al 2011). Self-administration of ones condition is another viewpoint, which is fundamental in such cases. Counseling the doctor to pick up proposals in regards to the administration of work can be of useful for the patients. A few difficulties are looked by laborers with joint inflammation in a work environment. In numerous events individuals are reluctant to reveal their condition in their work environment, dreading shame and mortification. Individuals are less mindful of the way that sharing the difficulties they face during work can cause their bosses and partners to comprehend the circumstance and act as needs be. The businesses and the associates must be made mindful of what joint inflammation is, the means by which it influences the patients and how it very well may be overseen by rolling out suitable improvements and changes. Numerou s laborers with joint pain don't know about theirs privileges when they are being separated at their working environment (Varekamp and Van Dijk 2010). The Equality Act has arrangement for individuals for inability in versatility, vision or hearing. It is the obligation of the administration to address such specialists and make an appropriate domain for laborers with incapacities. As per the laws it isn't even required for an individual to uncover their incapacity during enlistment or meeting of a vocation. They have to discuss their competency and qualification for the activity post (Lockwood, G., Henderson and Thornicroft 2012). Laborers experiencing joint pain must have a reasonable thought regarding their prerequisites and take the assistance of their specialist for rules and points that can assist them with dealing with their condition and permit a consistent efficiency. Alterations are required in the workspace for ligament laborers to adapt up to the difficulties effectively. Frequently the business doesn't give the necessary apparatuses and changes which presents serious test to laborers. Discoveries Any specialist who needs to play out an equivalent movement more than once or every now and again is in danger of creating joint pain throughout the years. It can influence an assorted gathering of individuals from various spaces. A specialist from a car fix organization was read with the end goal of this report. The laborer was 42 years of age and is working in this calling for about the previous 10 years. His working hours were from 10 a.m. to 6 p.m., 5 days every week, with a one hour mid-day break at 12:30 p.m. The points of interest of the subject were gathered by meeting through survey position. The laborer experiences joint inflammation in the hands. From the ergonomic examination led on the specialist it was discovered that he works in a standing stance or is required go under the hood and vehicle to make fixes of various pieces of the vehicle. He regularly encounters back agony because of working for such drawn out hours in such stances. He utilizes different devices like fa stener, spanners and wrenches every now and again and over significant stretches during his working hours for fixing purposes. He He encounters intermittent periods of agony in the hands after just as during his working hours. His manager and associates ate unconscious of his condition. No progressions or unique modifications are given to the laborer to lessen the side effects of his issue. As indicated by him, joint pain causes a great deal of troubles in his working life, diminishing his profitability and expanding non-attendance because of uncontrolled agony on occasion. Specialist X Recurrence Span Utilizing fastener, spanners and wrenches Moe than 40x 1 Hour Studies have demonstrated that different kinds of occupations can cause osteoarthritis in the working environment because of proceeded with movement of a joint (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2009). The rehashed mechanical weight on the joint may cause metabolic and physiological anomalies in the concerned locale. Collection of microtraumas because of vibrations from utilizing instruments at work environment is the most powerful reason for the beginning of osteoarthritis in laborers. Subsequently, laborers with such occupations are presented to the hazard factors contrasted with the typical populace. Subsequently in our specific contextual investigation, it is obvious that the incessant and rehashed utilization of the referenced instruments by the specialist has prompted his state of joint pain in the joints of the hands. The seriousness of the condition should be surveyed speedily and prompt changes must be made with respect to his activity, work game plans and working hours. Conversation of Solutions and Anticipated Challenges Joint pain is a fluctuating ailment that can be therapeutically serious and truly undetectable simultaneously. There are no physical ramifications of its manifestations. Subsequently the essential advance required to deliver the circumstance is to expand the comprehension of the illness and the particular needs of laborers who are experiencing it. In particular the businesses must have away from and satisfactory information on the issues an individual with joint inflammation at working environment may confront, all together for the laborer to stay utilized and keep up a solid efficiency (Mancuso, Paget and Charlson 2000). The business needs to shoulder extra arrangements like wiped out leave and extra ergonomically structured hardware appropriate for such patients. The worker needs to monitor the indications of the sickness through clinical and helpful mediation. The majority of the regular indications of joint pain including absence of portability, torment, aggravation and solidness can be decreased with the utilization of fitting mix of medications (Gignac 2004). During the early period of analysis the patient regularly loses passionate and mental harmony because of the way that they are having an incessant long lasting infection. This regularly causes the patient to lose temper at working environment (Li, Gignac and Anis 2006). Bosses knowing about the condition can deal with such circumstances without hardly lifting a finger. With movement of time these side effects become control and the patient can keep filling in as typical. The businesses must be tolerant with debilitated leaves to permit the laborer to make visits to the emergency clinic or the doctor at whatever point required. Utilized individuals being determined to have the conditi on need to concede downtime for the specialist until the indications are balance out by the recommended drugs. The doctor has an immense task to carry out to empower the patient deal with his condition at work. They can clarify how the patients condit

History of Correction in America Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

History of Correction in America - Essay Example Another office of adjustment known as Bridewell was built in 1775 that was set in New York City Hall Park despite the fact that it's the free war intruded on its development. New York State Legislature in 1788 ordered a law to build another revision office named Almshouse and named twelve officials to administer the development. The chiefs started the branch of revision in New York and they opened the principal state jail in 1788 known as Greenwich State Prison. In 1817 another adjustment office known as Auburn was opened which extended in 1821 by opening another wing. In 1951, the foundation for crazy crooks was set up on the Auburn jail ground. This was a thought of a gathering of reformers that idea they would begin kid savers by sending city kids to live with ranch families. Their thought realized the foundation of the New York Juvenile Asylum. Almshouse Department was supplanted by New York City Department of Public Charities and Correction in 1851. The office assumed responsibility for the city's open government assistance and restorative foundations. Ludlow Street Jail otherwise called New York Country Jail was set up in 1862 and in 1863 another prison was worked in Manhattan known as New York City's Fourth District Prison. This turned into the 57th road prison that was a piece of a court complex. Another remedy office named New York City's Seventh District Prison was set up along Manhattan city's west side in 1865. New York City was approved by the State Legislature to isolate the Department of Public Charity and Correction in 1873. This detachment achieved the Public Charities Division and the Correction Division. Society for the anticipation of remorselessness to kids was built up after the division and it restricted the repression of youngsters at Almshouse. Elmira Reformatory was set up in 1876 and it put together its practices with respect to the change hypothesis as opposed to discipline hypothesis. 1 Louis D. Pilsbury was designated the primary Superintendent of Prison and was appointed the completely control and duties of all state jails. Under Louis administration achieved the foundation of the place of asylum for ladies and authorization of the correctional code that improved the kids' law. (Whitehead, Pollock and Braswell, 2003) Still under Louis administration as the watched over of jail so the foundation of New York City's Fifth District Prison in 1885 which was a multi-layered structure that incorporated a forty twofold inhabitance and a quarters that held fifty detainees. (Whitehead, Pollock and Braswell, 2003) Present day remedy has changed the antiquated speculations of revision and reformer thought of bringing great piece of the general public into the correctional facilities and detainment facilities. They have fused instruction, religion, work, and self-administration in they rectification as they are sure this would in the long run restore the detainees. This has achieved the foundation of training programs, jail enterprises and professional projects in the detainment facilities. They have additionally been foundation of particular penitentiaries in the cutting edge amendment. The utilization of beating additionally reached a conclusion. There has been Prisoner's Rights Movement that gives the detainees privileges of the right to speak freely of discourse and religion

Books About the Human Body that Arent Boring

Books About the Human Body that Arent Boring I am a science geek. I love anything medical or science-related, and especially love reading about anatomy and how things work. Ill read medical books, study guides, med school memoirs, science-y memoirs, essays about science, and more. The human body is especially interesting in this regard, since different writers bring different perspectives to writing about the body. Each book is unique in that way, even if basic bodily processes and functions are always described the same way. I find it to be a testament to the intricacies of the body that there are able to be so many books on the human body, all so different in their own ways. Here are some of my favorite books on the human body, including some new and forthcoming books. Shapeshifters: A Journey Through the Changing Human Body by Gavin Francis To be a living person means the body is constantly changing, even in minuscule ways. We grow, get injured, heal, age, become pregnant, give birth, get sick, get healthyâ€"when you think about it, that’s pretty amazing. Francis examines what happens to the body in a variety of situations, like in pregnancy, when you get a tattoo, or when you sleep, to name a few. While I would have liked each section to go more in depth (it seems a bit sparse), this was a thought-provoking read. Body of Work: Meditations on Mortality from the Human Anatomy Lab by Christine Montross I’ve always wanted to go to medical school, and this book was a fascinating story about that rite of passage all medical students experience: the cadaver lab. Montross names her cadaver Eve, and goes on to examine the ethical and emotional aspects of dissecting cadavers and how bodies tell stories, even after we’re gone. How we Die by Sherwin Nuland This one and his other book, How We Live, were some of the first books that sparked my interest in this genre. I read the former during my health psychology program, and I couldn’t get enough of it. I’ve never seen the human body or its functions the same way again. Gross Anatomy: Dispatches from the Front (And Back) by Mara Altman (out 8/21) I’m not gonna lie: I literally LOL’d while reading this fantastic book. Altman has chosen certain topics to explore, including head lice, breasts, and facial hair, and has done so with a thoroughness that is admirableâ€"and she manages to be uproariously funny while talking about the most embarrassing things. I wanted this book to be at least three times longer than it was, because I just wanted Altman do explore all the things. Like a Mother: A Feminist Journey Through the Science and Culture of Pregnancy by Angela Garbes I want to give a copy of this to every OB/GYN, midwife, expecting family, parents of newborns, and anyone who wants to be pregnant one day or loves someone who is or will be pregnant. As a maternal-child health MPH and someone who went through pregnancy and childbirth, this is the realest book I’ve ever read about this experience. Garbes is inclusive and pulls no punches in this meticulously researched book that blends reportage and memoir. Heart: A History by Sandeep Jauhar (coming out 9/18) I’m a big fan of Jauhar’s, so I was excited to get an advance copy of this one. He combines memoir with history in this one, looking at the human heart, advancements in treatments, and notable patients and doctors. He also makes it personal by sharing about his own work in the field, as well as his family. What are your favorite books about the human body?

Marx v. Weber - 1453 Words

Comparative Essay Karl Marx and Max Weber Boring title SSCI 501 – Great Ideas: Classics of Social Theory October 1, 2013 German sociologists, Karl Marx and Max Weber, each both had theories about how capitalism evolved in society aswas well as what social inequality is. In this essay, I will explain the theories of these two sociologists in these areas and show how each had merit based on what we know today. O.K introduction but no real thesis.) My thesis (Aha!) for this paper is that capitalism breeds social inequality. Though social inequality can exist outside of capitalism, with capitalism social inequality is an inherent part of the system. Without inequality, there can be no capitalism†¦show more content†¦For it would be God’s will for man to live out his â€Å"calling.† Phase Three, â€Å"Money is Good, God is doesn’t matter,Okay† which represents the complete absolution into the cCapitalistic state of mind. No longer does our primary concern lay with God, it lays solely on our ability to accumulate wealth. Each of these thinkers (Marx and Weber) had views on social inequality in addition to their theories on the existence of capitalism. It is much easier to decipher Marx’s feelings about social inequality. Marx believed that any system which had one individual â€Å"reporting† to another individualsystem that had one individual â€Å"reporting† to gave the latter the most power in theiranother individual gave the latter the most power in his or her dynamic. Marx says, â€Å"Freeman and slave . . . e†¦lord and serf . . . †¦in a word, oppressor and oppressed, stood in constant opposition to one another, carried an uninterrupted . . . d†¦fight.ht†¦.† (McIntosh, 1997). In current world terms, Marx is telling us that when one person has power (whether that is physical, economic, educational or simply perceived) you naturally have a social class system based on inequality. One person is the one â€Å"in charge† and the other would be the one who is receiving the orders. There can be no equality in a system where the members of the society do not perceive each other as equals. Weber believedShow MoreRelatedCompare and Contrast the Marxist and Weberian Theories of Social Class. Why Do You Think Marx Emphasises Relations of Production in the Formation of Classes Whilst Weber Suggests the Market and Consumption Are the Important Factors?1750 Words   |  7 PagesCompare and contrast the Marxist and Weberian t heories of social class. Why do you think Marx emphasises relations of production in the formation of classes whilst Weber suggests the market and consumption are the important factors? 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Wright Mills places both Weber and Marx in the great tradition of what he calls the sociological imagination a quality that enables us to grasp both history biography and the relationship between the two within society. (Mills, 12) In other words both theorists were dealing with the individual and society not either one to the exclusion of the other. Mills further writes that both Marx and Weber are in that tradition of sociological theorizingRead MoreWhat Was the main theme of max webers sociology? Analysis of the Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalismand webers rationality theory.1738 Words   |  7 PagesMax Webers observations and conclusions regarding modernity and its causes have named him one of the most influential sociologists of our era. Weber believed that in the West rationality had come to become the predominant impetus for action. 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Criminal Justice and Leading U.S. Supreme Court Cases,...

Annotated Bibliography Champion, D.J. (2009). Leading U.S. supreme court cases in criminal justice: Briefs and key terms. Upper Saddle river, NJ: Prentice Hall. Leading U.S. supreme court cases in criminal justice: Briefs and key terms is a source reference with respect to criminal law, constitutional law, and criminal procedure. The major focus of this book includes explained mandates of over 1000 U.S. Supreme Court cases and this book details key terms and definitions. Grant, H.B. and Terry, K.J. 2008: Law Enforcement in the 21st Century. (2nd ed.). Upper Saddle, River, NJ. Pearson/Prentice Hall. Law Enforcement in the 21st Century gives an extensive view of law enforcement practices at all levels and the limitations within the scope†¦show more content†¦This paper is intended to analyze the rationale and purpose of the Exclusionary Rule and the exceptions to the Exclusionary Rule. Furthermore, this paper will also detail opposing views and rebuttals. The Supreme Court began to erect modern Fourth Amendment law in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, recognizing police discretion but with the exclusionary rule at its center. The provision that became the Fourth Amendment was ratified in 1791 and states as follows: â€Å"The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized. The Fourth Amendment does not entitle absolute protection, but rather a reasonable protection. Said protection not only applies to material objects, but also individuals themselves (Schmalleger 2009). Exclusionary Rule The term Exclusionary Rule is a legal designation utilized within the criminal justice system put into effect by U.S. Supreme Court precedent that incriminating information or evidence must be taken in accordance with the Constitutional standings of due process. The Exclusionary Rule is specificallyShow MoreRelatedWe the People- Examination of the Relationship between the Government and Governed 1996 Words   |  8 Pagespresented in the Patriot Act, the actions of the National Security Agency (NSA), and our law enforcement’s ability to lawfully search and seizure through the Supreme Court’s ruling in pivotal court cases like Terry v. Ohio (392 U.S. 1) (Samaha, 2006). With the combination of many other controversies like the guns right issue and celebrity cases leading to not guilty verdicts, the American people are very skeptic across the whole board. The purpose of this research is to exam how skeptical the AmericanRead MoreRace And Crime Of The Criminal Justice Syst em6937 Words   |  28 Pagesongoing issue. Therefore, the criminal justice topic I am going to research throughout this paper will be regarding the different races and crimes that are most commonly committed and how each different race is treated in the criminal justice system also how they are each individually affected by the American justice system. I will discuss background information of each race as well as problems and issues they are currently facing today regarding the criminal justice system. In researching thisRead MoreLibrary Management204752 Words   |  820 PagesHarassment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289 Unionization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 293 Section 5: Leading 13—Motivation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299 The Human Element of the Organization . . . . . . . . . . . 300 Structuring the Human Element in Organizations . . . . 302 Motivation . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Secret Nim’s Desa Kolej Poly-Tech Mara Bangi Section 14 Free Essays

string(31) " may occur among the partners\." Secret Nim’s Desa Kolej Poly-Tech Mara Bangi Section 14, Teras Jernang 43650 Bandar Baru Bangi Selangor Puan Lily Suriana Binti Hassan Lecturer Entrepreneurship Kolej Poly-Tech Mara Bangi 43650 Bandar Baru Bangi Selangor1 March 2009 Madam, Submission of Business Plan According to the above mater, we are the students from the course of Diploma in Business Management ( AB101) in Kolej Poly-Tech Mara Bangi was submitting our Business Plan. This report is a compulsory assignment for subject entrepreneurship (PPN 254). . We will write a custom essay sample on Secret Nim’s Desa Kolej Poly-Tech Mara Bangi Section 14 or any similar topic only for you Order Now For your information, we choose this type of business because it has a potential and bright prospect in nowadays and in future. We also have analyzed what student, lecturer, and staff want to eat. Thank you Signatures | | | | | | | | |†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ |†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ | |MOHD SYAFIQ BIN MOHD RAZIB |ERLINDA BINTI MISLIZAR |SITI MARIAM BINTI ALIAS | |GENERAL MANAGER |MARKETING MANAGER |ACCOUNTANT MANAGER | |890429-08-5543 |891205-14-5062 |870321-02-5276 | | | | | | | | |†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. |†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. |†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ | |HALIMATON SAADIAH BINTI ABD. MANAF |NUR ATIQAAH BINTI ADNAN |SAIDATUL ATHRAH BINTI BADRUL HAMIDI | |FINANCIAL MANAGER |ASSISTANT MARKETING MANAGER |SALE MANAGER | |870126-56-5154 |890712-14-6196 |890930-08-5408 | | | | | | | | | |†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. |†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. | |WAN NUR ATIQAH BINTI WAN AHMAD SHAHAROM |MOHD SYAZWAN BIN RAMLI | | |OPERATION MANAGER |LOGISTIC MANAGER | | |890819-02-5386 |880605-26-5211 | | | | | | | | | | |†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. |†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. | |SITI ZUBAIDAH BINTI YUSAK |AHMAD KAMIL BIN MOHAMMAD KAMAL | | |ASSISTANT OPERATION MANAGER |ASSISTANT LOGISTIC MANAGER | | |881203-43-5198 | | | ACKNOWLEDEMENT First of all thanks to Allah S. W. T for give us time to prepare this Business Plan for Entrepreneurship (PPN 254) at the right times. Not to be forgetting our beloved lecturer Madam Lily Sur iana Binti Hassan, thanks for your guide and help us to complete this Business Plan. We feel very happy to doing this project. At the same times we also get many experiences, skill and knowledge during prepare business plan for next project (PPN 255). We also want to thanks to our family, friend and supplier for helping and give full commitment to our group until this Business Plan are fully completed. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY In this business, we have decided to prepared food and drink in our menu. We prepared this menu exclusive for lecturer, staff and also student college. In our menu we have decide to sell fried mushroom, â€Å"Rojak Buah†, and also Nata De Coco Soda Juice. The reason that we choose this menu is because, most of the student seldom to choose this menu as their business plan project. The specialty of fried mushroom is crunchy and has also had three types of flavors that original, curry, and black pepper. It is suitable for everybody. The second menu is â€Å"Rojak Buah†. This menu is a vegetables salad food that has a mixture of fruits and raw vegetables like pineapples, turnip, cucumber and mango. The special of this menu is we mix all the local fruits with the gravy. The main factor that make our â€Å"Rojak Buah† more delicious is the thicken gravy, spicy and suitable to all people and it also has a lot of vitamins from the fruits and nuts. Lastly is the Nata De Coco Soda Juice. We choose this types of drink is because the taste is unique and delicious. It has mixed with the bicarbonate soda and Nata De Coco. It also has two types of flavor that is Sunkist and syrup. It’s also full of vitamin C and effective for our body. INTRODUCTION Firstly, we are planned to establish Secret Nim’s company which is provide food and drink. Our company will run a business which related with a sell food and drink to our customer at Lobby College. We also provide many kind of food and drink. Our main target is lecturer, staff college, and student. We start our preparation at 12 o’ clock and start our business at 1 o’ clock until 4 o’ clock. And our vision is to be friendly and create a close relationship with customer and make the customer will satisfy with our services. We plan to start our business in July 2009. We select this business because it has a bright future. Even though, we have a competition, we still can achieve our target because use different concept to attract customer to visit our booth and also give a good quality food and drink to the customer. THE PURPOSE The business plan is prepared by Secret Nim’s company. We make this business because to solve the assignment for entrepreneurship (PPN 254 and 255) for this semester and next semester. We make this purpose business plan early because we want our preparation for this subject is more systematic and make our spirit to target ‘A’ for subject entrepreneurship (PPN 254 and 255). Another purpose that we get is to have a good proper planning to open the booth within the lobby college, hostel and have a good manage base on business planning. It also can increase our skill and knowledge about entrepreneurship (PPN 255). Other than that, we also can get a guideline for our business next semester and make anyone interest, and understand this vision, mission and our goal. Logo SECRET[pic] NIM’S Theme : White and Red White : Clearness is Num one Red : Work in a group together is our spirit and always ready to take any risk at any time The black frying-pan and the word of ‘Secret’ The word of ‘Secret’ is the images of the mysterious of our black frying-pan. â€Å"Nim’s† is word that come from the Mexican ethnic. Nim’s means a mushroom. It also our main menu in our business. COMPANY BACKGROUND a) Name of company: ? SECRET NIM’s b) Business Address: ? Kolej Poly-Tech Mara Bangi Seksyen 14, Teras Jernang 43000 Bandar Baru Bangi Selangor Darul Ehsan ) Correspondence Address: ? www. SECRET NIM’s. blogspot. com d) Organization: Actually SECRET NIM’s partnership business has some committee, which is: †¢ Administrative manager †¢ Marketing manager †¢ Operation Supervisor †¢ Financial manager †¢ Financial Supervisor †¢ Logistic Manager †¢ Sales Manager e) Main Activity: |Working hours |Settings in operations |1 hour |12. 00pm – 1. 00 pm | | |Delivery and service |3 hours |1. 00pm – 4. 00pm | |Working days |5 days |Monday |1. 00pm -4. 0pm | | | |Tuesday | | | | |Wednesday | | | | |Thursday | | | | |Friday | | |Holiday |2 days |Saturday |- | | | |Sunday | | PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT LETTER The Business Registration Act 1956 does not specify that the formation of a partnership business must be followed by the written agreement between or among partners. However, it is necessary for the business to have some kind of Contract or Partnership Agreement to avoid any misunderstanding that may occur among the partners. You read "Secret Nim’s Desa Kolej Poly-Tech Mara Bangi Section 14" in category "Essay examples" Secret Nim’s Partnership Agreement: 1. Name of the compa ny: †¢ Secret Nim’s 2. Date of agreement: †¢ 1 March 2009 3. Type of business: †¢ Partnership 4. Duration of partnership: †¢ The duration of the partnership to prevent the dissolution of the business. The agreement should also state that in the event one partner passes away or withdraws from the partnership, the business will not be dissolved. 5. Responsibility of partnership: †¢ Individual involved in managing the partnership business †¢ Each partner did not make a secret profit. 6. Capital: †¢ The accounts of the business and share capital that show the contribution of each partner and the right and obligations of each partner towards the capital. 7. Properties: The properties acquired have been are considered as assets of the business. 8. Profits and losses: †¢ All the profits depend on share contribution among partner. †¢ Losses will be share equally. 9. Salary: †¢ Salary all the partners are paid base on hourly rate only workers receive monthly salary. ADMI NISTRATIVE PLAN INTRODUCTION OF THE ORGANIZATION Our company is SECRET NIM’s, SECRET NIM’s has a higher target to set up an organizational goal to achieve our objective. The goal is to maximize the value of our restaurants before converting it to cash and minimize the amount of time consumed. The company chooses organization structure by functions because it is suitable with our business. This activities in a business are divided into administrative, marketing, financial, selling and operating. Vision to SECRET NIM’s company is give good services to our customer, provide the higher quality in product, provide delicious menu, change menu in short time , sales with acceptable price and SECRET NIM’s sales based on what customer needs and wants to give profit in the sales. With vision SECRET NIM’s we make sure customer satisfy with our service and will come again to buy SECRET NIM’s product. Mission to SECRET NIM’s is to get more regular customer , and make sure all customer satisfy the good service based on their needs and wants. SECRET NIM’s also provide the product with high quality with acceptable price to get more regular customer and also can get high profit in sales. SECRET NIM’s company hopeful customer give support to achieve our target and objective which to maximize the profit. Support from customer also can get back profit around three years times. [pic] |MANPOWER PLANNING | | | |Position and the number of staff | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Position |Number of staff | | | |Administrative Manager |1 | | | |Operation Manager |1 | | | |Financial Manager |1 | | | |Operation Supervisor |1 | | | |Financial Supervisor |1 | | | |Sales Manager |1 | | | |Marketing Manager |2 | | | |Logistic Manager |2 | | | |Total |10 | | | | | | | POSITION | MAIN TASK | |GENERAL MANAGER |Responsible to manage the company activities | | |Manage and organize the organization | |MARKETING MANAGER |Make the sales forecast and negotiate the target market in the | | |company | | |Find and determine the customer needs and wants | | |Create an advertisements and promotion | |ASSISTANT MARKETING MANAGER |Helps marketing do the forecast and negotiate in the target | | |market | | |Check and make sure all the work already done and complete | |OPERATION MANAGER Planning and controlling the company operation | | |Make sure the equipment are always safe | | |Ensure all the facilities in top condition | |ASSISTANT OPERATION MANAGER |Helps operation manager planning and controlling the company | | |Check all the task about operation settle and complete | |FINANCIAL MANAGER |Manage and organize company accounts | | |Ensure the company achieves the maximum target profits | | |Keep the data amount of sales every month | |ACOUNTANT MANAGER |Responsible to do accounts about salary or wages for staff | SCHEDULE OF TASKS RESPONSIBILITIES SALES MANAGER |Responsible to do target sale every day | | | | | |Responsible to make sure the sales of the company are in a | | |good condition | |LOGISTIC MANAGER |Responsible to make sure the transportation are ready | | |Responsible to make sure the all material are save | |ASSISTANT LOGISTIC MANAGER |Help logistic manager to find all the material | | |Make sure all necessity all ready done | | | | | | | | |SCHEDULE OF REMUNERATION | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Remuneration for Administrative Staff | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Position |No. Monthly |EPF |Socso |Amount | | |   |   |Salary |Contribution |(2%)(RM) |(RM) | | |   |   |(RM) |(13%)(RM) |   |   | | |Administrative Manager |1 |5000 |650 |100 |5750 | | |Marketing Manager |2 |3000 |390 |60 |3450 | | |Operation Manager |1 |2500 |325 |50 |2875 | | |Financial Manager |1 |3500 |455 |70 |4025 | | |Operation Supervisor |1 |2000 |260 |40 |2300 | | |Financial Supervisor |1 |2500 |325 |50 |2875 | | |Sales Manager |1 |2000 |260 |40 |2300 | | |Logistic Manager |2 |2000 |260 |40 |2300 | | |Total |10 |22500 |2925 |450 |25875 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |ADMINISTRATIVE BUDGET | | | | | | | | |Item |Weekly Expenses |Monthly | | |   |(RM) |(RM) | | |   |   |   | | |Petrol |25 |(25Ãâ€"4)=100 | | |Total |   |100 | | | | | | | | | | | |SALES FORECAST | | | | | | | |WEEK |SALES FORECAST (RM) | | |   |(Rojak, Mushroom,Water) | | |1 |375+500+500=1375 | | |2 |375+500+500=1375 | | |3 |375+500+500=1375 | | |4 |375+500+500=1375 | | |Total |RM5500 | MARKETING BUDGET FOR 1 MONTH | | | | | | | | | | |Item |Fixed Assets |Monthly |Other | | |   |Expenses |Expenses |Expenses | | |Promotion: |- |   |- | | |Pamphlet |   |10 |   | | |Poster |   |30 |   | | |Notice |   |10 |   | | |Total |   |50 |   | MATERIAL REQUIREMENT FOR 1MONTH | | | | | | | | | | | | |Fried Mushroom | | | | | | | | | | | | |Item |Quan tity |Price |Total |Supplier | | |   |Required |per unit |Purchase |   | | |   |   |(RM) |(RM) |   | | |Flour |20 kg |15 |300 |NSK SDN. BHD. | |Eggs |120 pics |0. 33 |39. 6 |NSK SDN. BHD. | | |Oil |5 kg |9 |45 |BINTANG | | |Mushroom |20 kg |12 |240 |NSK SDN. BHD. | | |Sauces |6 kg |8 |48 |NSK SDN. BHD. | | |Salts |0. 5kg |0. 3 |0. 3 |   | | |Total |   |44. 63 |672. |   | | | | | | | | | |Rojak | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Item |Quantity |Price |Total |Supplier | | |   |Required |per unit |Purchase |   | | |Fruits : |   |   |   |   | | |Guava |20 kg |4 |80 |BINTANG | | |Pineapples |40 unit |1. |48 |BINTANG | | |Cucumber |40 kg |4 |160 |BINTANG | | |Turnips |40 kg |2 |80 |BINTANG | | |Mango |20 kg |5 |100 |BINTANG | | |Rojak paste |10kg |2 |20 |JENAB ENTR. | | |Peanuts |2 kg |4. 5 |9 |BINTANG | | |Salts |0. 5kg |0. 3 |0. 3 |BINTANG | | |Total |   |33. 8 |497. |   | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Drink Water | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Sugars |10 kg |1. 6 | 16 |BINTANG | | |Sunquicks |20 bottles |9 |180 |BINTANG | | |Nata De Coco |20 bottles |4. |90 |BINTANG | | |Waters |   |   |   |   | | |Syrups |5 bottles |2. 5 |12. 5 |NSK SDN. BHD. | | |Soda |12 bottles |2. 7 |32. 4 |NSK SDN. BHD. | | |Ice Cubes |20 bags |3 |60 |ATLAS ENTR. | | |Straws |2 packets |2 |4 |MYDIN | | |Cup(Mushroom) |20packets |6. 5 |130 |MYDIN | | |Cup(Water) |40packets |6. 5 |260 |MYDIN | |Plastics Bags |5 bags |2. 5 |12. 5 |MYDIN | | |Polysteryn |10packets |9 |90 |MYDIN | | |Sticks |2 packets |3 |6 |MYDIN | | |Total |   |52. 8 |893. 4 |   | | | | | | | | | |TOTAL |   |120. 43 |2063. |   | |OPERATION BUDGET | | | | | | | | |ITEM |WEEKLY (RM) |MONTHLY EXPENSES | | |Salaries |0 |25875 | | |Petrol |25 |100 | MARKETING PLAN SERVICE DESCRIPTION Secret Nim’s booth is a provide many kind of food and drink. We prepare many variety food and drink such as fried mushroom and rojak. We also provide drink that we call it Nata De Coco Soda Juice . It have two flavour which is sun quick and syrup. Customer either can choose mixed it up together. We also high light the clearness of our booth that more were for bringing image of our company. The flexibility of our place is the most our important. We also provide open table to our customer if they want to eat or drink at our booth. TARGET MARKET Secret Nim’s has a several target market. To achieve our goal, we have to know our location and target customer for increasing our sale. Our main target is student, lecturer and staff how stay in the Kolej Poly-Tech Mara Bangi. The product that we want to produce is food and drink. It is because the student, lecturer and staff do not need to spend more money on traveling cost to buy from outside Kolej. Our price is also cheaper than outside Kolej so everyone can buy our product. To make this clear, we have listed our target market below: Market Size A survey of 3 types of sales, rojak, fried mushrooms, and drink water showed that we gain from normal sales are about RM1375 a week. We proceeded to estimate the potential sales for a month as RM 5500. Before estimating the final market size, the business took into consideration factors that may affect such as the semester break. Using this information, Secret Nim’s estimated the market size to be only RM 1200. COMPETITOR It is nature that every business has their competitors. Secret Nim’s also faces the same situation. Our competitors are Secret Nim’s Company and Village View Company. COMPETITORS |STRENGTHS |WEAKNESS | |Secret Nim’s |Cheaper |Waste time | |Company |Good service |Not regular customer | |Village View |Expensive |Take time waiting turn | |Company |Slow service |Have regular customer | [pic] Marketing Strategy In other to attract people attention to Secret Nim’s, w e are creating advertising in several ways. It is including an outdoor advertisement we have made that is a poster, pamphlet and we have produce a survey to be distributed to all student that stay in hostel and having classes at the college. We also put our note at all the College Board and hostel board to promote our product that will be produced. We also have created our own uniform including t-shirt, cap and apron to attract our booth for people to visit our booth. We also have decided to have a red and white theme for our booth to make it more interesting. OPERATION PLAN FLOW CHART PROCESS Keropok Lekor Cut the long piece of Keropok Lekor to a piece. Heat the oil in frying pan. Put the piece of keropok lekor in frying pan. Fry it until it become crisp. Lift up and dry it. Inspection the quality. Keropok lekor are packed into a small packages. Ready to sold. Receive payment from buyer. FLOW CHART PROCESS RIBENA LYCHEE JUICE Measure ribena, lychee, plain water, and hot water. Mix the sugar with the hot water. Put the ribena and plain water. Put the lychee fruit. Inspect the quality of water. [pic] [pic] Put the ice cube. Inspectation the quality of packages Packaging process. Ready to sold. Receive payment from buyer. FLOW CHART PROCESS MUSHROOM Measure flour Kentucky, egg, mushroom, and salt. Cut the mushroom to a pieces. Mix and the salt and flour. Inspect the quality of the flour. Put mushroom with the egg. Mix the mushroom with flour. Inspect the mushroom. Cook until fried. Inspect the quality of fried mushroom. Ready to pack the fried mushroom into a cup. Inspect the quality of the packages. Ready to sold. Receive a payment from buyer. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |PRO| | | |DUC| | | |TIO| | | |N | | | |SCH| | | |EDU| | | |LE | | | | | | | |OPERATION | | |TIME | | | | | |SELLING | | |9. 00 AM UNTIL 2. 0 PM | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |   |unit |RM | |Expenses |   | | | Petrol Cost |  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ |100 | |Uniform |(  10Ãâ€"25) |2 50 | |total | |350 | |COST OF GOOD MANUFACTURED | | | | | | | | | |   |RM |RM | | |Raw Material Used: |   |   | | |Opening Stock(1/1) |0 |. | | |Add:Purchase of Raw Material |2063. |   | | |Raw Material Available used |2063. 6 |   | | |Less:Closing Stock |515. 9 |   | | |Direct Material |   |1547. 7 | | |Add:Direct Labor |   |0 | | |Prime Cost |   |1547. 7 | | |Manufactured Overhead |   |0 | | |Cost of Good Manufactured |   |1547. 7 | SECRET NIM’S | | | | | | |PRO FORMA CASH FLOW FOR A MONTH (WEEKLY) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |   |Total |Week 1 |Week 2 |Week 3 |Week 4 | | |Capital Contribution |800 |200 |200 |200 |200 | | |Sales Forecast |5500 |1375 |1375 |1375 |1375 | | |Total Cash Inflow |6300 |1575 |1575 |1575 |1575 | | |   |   |   |   |   |   | | |Cash Outflow : |   |   |   |   |   | | |Operational expenditure : |   |   |   |   |   | | |Drink Water (RM390. 9) |   |   |   |   |   | | |Rojak (RM49 7) |   |   |   |   |   | | |Fried Mushroom (RM673. 2) |   |   |   |   |   | | |Others (RM502. 5) |   |   |   |   |   | | |Total operational expenditure |2063. 6 |515. 9 |515. 9 |515. 9 |515. | | |   |   |   |   |   |   | | |Marketing expenditure : |   |   |   |   |   | | |Promotion (RM50) |   |   |   |   |   | | |Total marketing expenditure |50 |12. 5 |12. 5 |12. 5 |12. 5 | | |   |   |   |   |   |   | | |Administrative expenditure : |   |   |   |   |   | | |Petrol cost (RM100) |   |   |    |   | | |Total administrative expenditure |100 |25 |25 |25 |25 | | |   |   |   |   |   |   | | |Total Cash Outflow |2213. 6 |553. 4 |553. 4 |553. 4 |553. 4 | | |   |   |   |   |   |   | | |Cash Surplus |4086. 4 |1021. 6 |1021. 6 |1021. 6 |1021. 6 | | |Beginning cash balance |0 |0 |1021. 6 |2043. 2 |3064. 8 | | |Ending cash balance |10216 |1021. 6 |2043. 2 |3064. 8 |4086. 4 | | SECRET NIM’S | | | |PRO FORMA INCOME STATEMENT FOR A MONTH | | | | | | | |   |RM |RM | | | |Sales |   |5500 | | | |Less : Cost of good sold |   |0 | | | |   |   |   | | | |Less : Operating Expenditure |   |   | | | |Administrative expenses |   |   | | | |Petrol |100 |100 | | | |Marketing Expenses |   |   | | | |Promotion |50 |50 | | | |   |   |   | | | |Operational expenses |   |   | | | |Drink Water |390. 9 |   | | | |Rojak |497 |   | | | |Fried Mushrooms |673. 2 |   | | | |Others |502. 5 |2063. 6 | | | |NET PROFIT |   |3286. 4 | | | SECRET NIM’S | | | |PRO FORMA BALANCE SHEET FOR A MONTH | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Fixed Asset |   |0 | | | |   |   |   | | | |Current Asset: |   |   | | | |Cash |   |4086. 4 | | | |Total Assets |   |4086. | | | |   |   |   | | | |Liabilities |   |0 | | | |   |   |   | | | |Owner’s Equity: |   |   | | | |Capital |800 |   | | | |Net Profit |3286. 4 |   | | | | Total Liabilities Owner’s Equity |   |4086. 4 | | | LAYOUT OF PICK UP BOOTH KT KAMIL FINANCIAL PLAN(COST OF PROJECT) PRO FORMA CASH FLOW PROFORMA INCOME STATEMENT PROFORMA BALANCE SHEET CONCLUSION SECRET NIM’s company success in doing the business plan together. Business plan for this company including financial, product , quantity, quality, accounts , marketing, operation plan and many more. It was create by us which means individuals or group which eager to achieve a dream and or future understanding based on development . Our partnership consist ten partners and the entire partner have their own responsibilities. Each partner was giving their fully cooperate along doing this business plan. Good discussion from each partners give business plan complete and perfect. Information for our business already use in marketing strategic such as SECRET NIM’s provide menu, pamphlet, poster, and notes to customer. For notes company already inform at hostel and College Poly-Tech Mara Bangi. SECRET NIM’s company hope with supported from customer can give company to achieve our objective and target to get more profit and give business successful. APPENDICES Rojak Buah Panggilan Pulau [pic] Delila@myresipi. com Resepi cafe†¦. Ciptaan suami.. Created on : 02-06-2007 Print E-mail kepada kawan Tulis Laporan Bahan-bahan ( ) †¢ KUAH ROJAK †¢ 20 tangkai cili kering (boleh lebihkan jika suka pedas) †¢ 2 cawan gula pasir †¢ 1 cawan brown sugar †¢ Belacan sebesar ibu jari (dibakar) †¢ 5 sudu besar otak udang †¢ 5 sudu besar sos tiram †¢ Sebotol kecil kicap lemak (saya guna cap tamin) †¢ Garam dan bijan secukup rasa †¢ †¢ BUAH †¢ Nanas †¢ Jambu air †¢ Timun †¢ Sengkuang †¢ Mangga/pauh muda †¢ Kedondong Cara-cara 1. Rendam cili dgn air panas kemudian goreng tanpa minyak hingga kering. Bakar belacan hingga naik bau. 2. Kisar cili, gula pasir, brown sugar, belacan, otak udang, sos tiram dan kicap bersama air hingga betul-betul halus. 3. Masak bahan kisar ini di atas api kecil hingga pekat dan licin. Hendaklah sentiasa mengacaunya utk mengelakkan ianya menjadi gula hangus. Tambahkan air jika perlu. Tambahkan garam secukup rasa. Bila sudah pekat tambahkan bijan yang telah digoreng tanpa minyak. Boleh lah dia angkat dan di biarkan sejuk. 4. Potong buah mengikut citarasa anda. Masukkan dalam mangkuk dan masukkan kuah rojak yang telah sejuk. Taburkan kacang tumbuk jika suka. Sedia dihidang. 5. NOTE : Kuah rojak ini boleh juga dibuat kuah utk sotong kangkung. Simpan kuah rojak ini di dalam peti sejuk. How to cite Secret Nim’s Desa Kolej Poly-Tech Mara Bangi Section 14, Essay examples

Introduction of British Airways Essay Example

Introduction of British Airways Essay British Airways has become the worlds second largest airline carrying more than 28 million passengers from one country to another. Main aim of British Airways is to provide outstanding service to its customers at an affordable price. Despite tough competition from other airlines such as Virgin Atlantic Airways, United Airlines and other European airlines, British Airways still holds the major market share. BA maximise on their work force by ensuring they employ the highest skilled staff for the particular job, some times they will only employ staff who are well educated. British Airways are currently struggling with staff shortages as the level of absenteeism for the companys employees are high above the average and acceptable figures for the industry. Employees are said to be unmotivated and morale is low as increase in pay is low and the restructuring of the company have led to 13000 job losses. Gate Gourmet is a world leading airline catering company. Gate Gourmet provides its service around the globe. They produce: 624000 meals per day or 228 million meals per year on average. I will use a couple of headings, which were given on the task sheet, to describe the features of employer and employee relations in this British airways selected case. Manger In flight caters Establishing employee relations Contracts of employment Gate gourmet employees are usually on a temporary or a part-time contract. We will write a custom essay sample on Introduction of British Airways specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Introduction of British Airways specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Introduction of British Airways specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Temporary contract workers are entitled to 15 days holiday including bank holidays and Boxing Day, each year from their employer. Paying more than the law at British airways it builds up loyalty. Gate Gourmet workers are paid over the minimum wage. Most gate gourmet employees work for the BA in flight caters. A BA Part-time worker has generally a lower absence than full-time workers, and is less likely to be members of the union, and is very good for the employer. Breaks are given to in flight caters at British airways. Example on an airplane they would stop at an airport half way, if the flight is not a one way flight. Payment by result payment according to performance: a system of payment in which the salary paid depends on how well a BA employee does a job. Bonus earnings depend on measured qualities or values of output for individuals or groups of BA employees, usually based on work studied time units; this covers a wide range of bonus schemes which still form the main method of performance pay for BA in flight workers. Contribution that employees make to British airways is a key issue for the employer. BA has devised pay methods that link individual or team performance to a pay system that rewards this. Alternatively, pay has been used to recognise such factors as individual development, responsibility, risk-taking and loyalty or experience. To get reward BA workers need to have the knowledge skills and attitude that a person needs to carry out his or her job effectively. When used in a pay system, they provide a basis for individual assessment to reward individuals who can positively contribute to the overall values and objectives of BA. BA workers are also related to their performance pay schemes, which cover a wide variety of methods of linking pay to a measure of individual or a group of in flight caters. They all share the idea that where a worker can vary output according to effort and this can be clearly related to earnings, the prospect of increased pay will lead to greater performance.

Working With Carers In Educational Settings Social Work Essay Essays

Working With Carers In Educational Settings Social Work Essay Essays Working With Carers In Educational Settings Social Work Essay Essay Working With Carers In Educational Settings Social Work Essay Essay While service user engagement is already good embedded in mental wellness pattern, instruction and research, affecting carers in the instruction of wellness and societal attention pupils is a comparatively new and frequently unmarked country of pattern that can be of benefit to all. Carers play a critical function in assisting people to keep their topographic point in the community and to cut down the clip clients spend in infirmary or residential scenes. The part of carers and the designation of their demands can inform pupils and practicians when be aftering attention for the single client and in turn toing local community demands. There is no uncertainty that a deficiency of carer engagement in instruction and pattern will set greater strain upon bing resources. This paper explores the function of carers in instruction and demonstrates how carers can be supported to develop the ego assurance to portion their cognition and understanding mental unwellness. Introduction It is suggested that across Europe, up to 90 % of people who suffer from a mental unwellness may be in reception of some kind of support from their households and friends ( Magliano et al 2007 ) . The World Health Organization ( WHO ) besides recognizes that environmental factors have a immense function in assisting people to retrieve from mental unwellness and accordingly cut down the load of disease upon society. However even in the current clime they predict that by 2030 depression will be the taking cause of quality of life indexs ( Disability Adjusted life Old ages or DALY s ) that lead to lost yearss in active work or business ( WHO 2008 ) . This paper will research the function of carers in assisting to cut down demand upon resources while at the same clip acknowledging their ain unique and single demands as a carer. The treatment will include an overview of the literature, policy and pattern that has led to carer engagement in instruction. It is recognized by the writers that while a more in-depth reappraisal is likely needed it is beyond the range of this paper. The literature around carer engagement is patchy and is frequently subsumed within the research and policy on service user engagement in general. Repper A ; Brooker ( 2004 ) in their reappraisal of service user engagement identified that the term service user is frequently used to specify both carers and service users as consumers of the mental wellness service. However it has been recognized by some that carers may hold different demands to clients of the mental wellness services ( Tew et al 2004 ) . This paper will research the acknowledgment of carers need in jurisprudence and policy will be discussed in relation to how back uping carers can and does act upon care be aftering and policy for the client ( SCIE 2007 ) . We will supply illustrations from pattern in one educational scene that will place how carer engagement in instruction may straight act upon pupil acquisition. Researching the literature on carer engagement in higher instruction Marjorie There are about 6 million carers in the UK many of whom go about their function in an retiring manner ( SCIE 2007 ) . This makes it hard to place carers demands as they may be unable to joint where they would wish aid. However it is the function of the professional to develop a supportive relationship with carers, moving as a resource in assisting them run into their ain demands and those of the individual that they are caring for ( Chilton et al 2004 ) . Twig and Atkin ( 1994 cited in Chilton et al 2004 ) identified three types of carer. 1 ) Wholly immersed in their lovingness function and duties and chiefly female. 2 ) More detached in their function, able to equilibrate their caring function with their ain life and chiefly male. 3 ) Content in the function and recognizes the benefits and costs of caring for another. Professionals in wellness and societal attention are required by jurisprudence ( Lloyd 2009 ) to measure carers and assist them place their ain demands, duties and bou ndaries so that they themselves do non endure from what is by and large called carer burden . Magliano et Al ( 2007 ) suggest that carer load can be divided into subjective and nonsubjective demands. Objective demands include work, money, relationships, isolation, environment and physical wellness. These demands are going more recognized now in jurisprudence and policy for illustration the Carer s Equal Opportunities Act 2004 ( SCIE 2007 ) . However subjective demands such as anxiousness, depression, emphasis, embarrassment and get bying with aggressive or unusual behaviours are less good recognized ( Magliano et al 2007 ) . Magliano et Al ( 2007 ) suggests that the term carer load can hold negative and positive deductions upon wellness and societal work pattern that should be explored farther with carers. Promoting carers to come into higher instruction to speak about their experiences can assist pupils to understand their function better as they provide a rich experience and cogn ition of place life for the client, in add-on to looking after a individual who is badly over a long period of clip. Often the lone contact pupils might hold with carers in their arrangement experiences, would be during a crisis when it is hard to develop relationships in the heat of the minute ( Chilton et al 2004, Lloyd A ; Carson 2005 ) . While working aboard a local charity to develop a carer s information battalion, it was identified that many carers were happy in their function but did necessitate much more information than they were given. Information on the squad of professionals who arrive at their door, medicine and mental wellness jurisprudence were countries that could be discussed one time a crisis had passed and to seek and forestall another one occurrence in the hereafter ( Lloyd A ; Carson 2005 ) . Unfortunately some carers identified being excluded from attention be aftering for confidentially grounds. Lloyd A ; Carson ( 2005 ) besides identified a cultural prejudice in that professional carers did non understand the environment in which carers lived nor frailty versa. Tew et Al ( 2004 ) in making a good pattern usher for affecting service users and carers in higher instruction, acknowledge that carers frequently feel left out or ignored. However they besides suggest that while service users and carers have many issues in common there are some that are more specific to one or the other. Therefore it is of import to acknowledge that carers have demands of their ain that may non be the same as the service users. Such demands have been identified in policy and legal paperss that are discussed farther below. In order to supply good quality attention wellness and societal attention workers must hence develop curative relationships with carers and clients that truly acknowledge the demands of both. In higher instruction there is the chance to research how such a relationship might be developed and what needs the carer has within this relationship. In nursing, service user and carer engagement in the design and bringing of pre enrollment programmes has be en late made a needed criterion. ( Nursing and Midwifery Council 2010 ) Researching the policy on carers demands in mental wellness attention Steve Policy and the Torahs associating to carers and engagement varies throughout the UK, though carer engagement is chiefly governed by the Department of Health ( Department of Health 2008 ) . The counsel and demands are dictated through the authorities so that the degree of engagement can hold a base line, though this is still patchy it appears throughout the UK ( Department if Health ) . In Wales for illustration the engagement of carers is governed in the instance of the societal work grade by the Care Council for Wales. The council consist of mainly carers and service users who make up the board of the council and are responsible for doing determinations sing societal attention and societal attention instruction in Wales ( ref ) . The Care Council for Wales financess the engagement of carers and service users within the societal work degree class. This provides the flexibleness needed to organize groups within the universities and enables full engagement within the grade programme. The instruction and preparation of participants is decided by the groups in each university, we have a group of around 20 people which covers both physical and mental unwellness and gives handiness to pupils of a broad truth of people with single narratives to state. Fiscal wage for the work of the participants is nevertheless governed by the Department of Work and Pensions ( ref ) who may hold small if no apprehension of engagement patterns in instruction. This deficiency of apprehension is a lost chance to developing cognition and apprehension of the curative value of engagement ( Chilton et al 2004 ) . Carers are largely service users every bit good, as it was identified above that the load of caring can ensue in anxiousness and depression in carers. Those who may hold one or more household or friends to care for demand something to enable them to maintain making what they do, engagement is hence cardinal to the carers recovery as lovingness is cardinal to the service users recovery. The acknowledgment of the part of carers comes from few topographic points, one of these being pupils within the vocational grades ; both within nursing and societal work, the part is priceless to pupils as it puts the flesh on theory and it enables them to acquire a feel for the carer s predicament and state of affairs. Carer pedagogues have to maintain their cognition base up to rub, to inform pupils, and to be ready to reply relevant inquiries when they arrive. It is now the policy of the Nursing and Midwifery Council, ( NMC 2010 ) for nursing pupils to derive insight into carers demands, the demand for effectual communicating between staff and carer, the demand to educate carers where service users medicine and attention programs are involved so that the carer is able to work with the practicians to send on the attention of the individual that they care for. Carers are frequently left out of the cringle, but seek to learn pupils that as carers they need the information to go on attention and to keep health within their household. The current policy of engagement enables carers to be involved through the pupil s preparation and station making and will keep a stable mentality for the student/practitioner during their on the job life. It should enable good pattern in the workplace and in the community. It should besides be recognised that carer s apprehension of those we care for will ever be far greater than the practician. Carers live with the individual they care for on a 24 hr footing, hence, we will hold a far better thought of the triggers that cause episodes of illness. Although their experience may be with merely one individual that experience will be of the day-to-day or hebdomadal flow of the unwellness. This may be single to one individual but there will be common traits to other unwellnesss and accordingly these will be of valuable information to pupils and practicians likewise. Any jurisprudence relating to mental unwellness will hold some consequence on the carer where mental wellness is concerned. The Carers Equal Opportunities Act 2005 ( SCIE 2007 ) , strengthens the rights of carers to a carers needs assessment nevertheless, while no money has come with the act, there are some countries of the act which can be of aid. For illustration, if there s a lodging job other sections within the council can be bypassed and the lodging section approached straight. Furthermore, a right has been laid down within the act for carers to hold the ability to get instruction, work and leisure which will necessitate careful consideration when developing attention programs for the client. The Welsh Assembly Government has besides brought into being a Carers Measure 2010, this should give the carer the right to information sing the attention of the individual they care for, information on drugs and side effects and to be involved in attention planning. ( ref ) The Mental Capacity Act ( 2005 ) has a direct bearing on carers, as it can be overridden by the Mental Health Act 1983 and its amendments in 2007.The Mental Health Act ( 1983/ 2007 ) and its subdivisions take precedency over the Mental Capacity Act ( 2005 ) which means that any specific wants of the individual they care for can be overruled. However the Welsh Assembly Government has seen fit to replace some of the countries of the amended act, they have created, and in the procedure of being brought into jurisprudence ; a Mental Health Measure 2010, which has been put together to standardize the attention of those with mental wellness jobs throughout Wales. It will intend the attention received in the North should be the same as that received in the South of Wales. It besides will intend that patients who have been discharged from attention will, if they feel unwell, be able to self refer ; the deductions of this for the carer are huge as intervention at an early phase should cut down the hazard of crisis in the place. By researching some of the policy and jurisprudence in mental wellness proviso, carer s demands and the demands of the pupils and practicians coincide. Carers are able to explicate how they are affected by caring in the place for person with a terrible and abiding mental unwellness. Researching Carer engagement in instruction Richard? The current landscape of nurse instruction is a disputing journey into a universe where there exists a assortment of differing possibilities of what is meant by best pattern . Indeed in developing nurses who are fit to pattern ( NMC? ) nurse pedagogues would be good advised to seek cognition and support from a mostly overlooked group carers. Nurses are the largest professional group within the health care work force and within the multi-disciplinary squad, continue to keep a premier place in service development and proviso. Chitty ( 2005 ) within her reappraisal of values and beliefs within nursing explains that these two strong beliefs can act upon how nurses pattern their profession even on a sub-conscious degree. Therefore, the values and beliefs they develop throughout their undergraduate preparation will constantly impact on the criterion and quality of attention that they subsequently provide. Consequently this attention will vastly impact on the experience and support offered to carers and their loved 1s. Within the policy green paper Control displacement: Returning power to local communities the current Government has conceded that decentralization, degeneration and authorization are proactive stairss towards reassigning powers from the cardinal province to local people ( Ref ) . Initially as a demand for the societal work programme we have recognised the of import experiential experience that carers can lend to nurse instruction non as a faculty result but as a echt spouse. This will be discussed in more item below? I do nt believe we should be so specific -In September 2006, a group of carers who had been involved at GlyndAÂ µr University ( so called NEWI ) were asked if they were interested in developing and widening their input into undergraduate programmes. There was some initial concern that similar undertakings had in the past merely offered a tokenistic gesture towards nurse instruction demand to explicate what this means? . Warne and McAndrew ( 2007 ) noted that in similar preparation, kineticss pedagogues were loath to release control and power to a non-traditional instruction group and that pupils may prefer the professional position over those of the experiential instructor. The University gave reassurances that the groups parts would be both valued and influential upon the current course of study. How? Mindful that there was a organic structure of grounds that indicated that past undertakings had failed to adequately fix similar groups in the preparation and instruction of wellness professionals ( Repper and Breeze 2004 ) . The University provided preparation that would present pedagogical attacks and facets of public speech production so that all those involved felt equipped to hold their voices heard. A University employee was appointed to move as a nexus individual and to move in an consultative function when and if required. One of the first undertakings of the group was to make up ones mind upon a name. Outside In was chosen as it seemed to encapsulate the significance of the group. In other words, people who had traditionally been left out of the procedure of educating nursing pupils ( the really people who would see their accomplishments in future ) were being ask in to heighten their cognition and accomplishments. Within the early phases of the developing the group was asked to compose an autobiographical history of their experiences as a carer. This undertaking was undertaken to authorise those involved as many carers do non to the full recognize the deepness of cognition and understanding that they have developed and how psychotherapeutic the procedure of authorship can be ( Wakefield, 2010 ) . The purpose of this exercising was to authorise but consequently it created a forum for the group to discourse how their peculiar experiences could be best utilised to inform the course of study and finally to leave cognition. A personal file was created with the carer naming their expertise through experience and experience of engagement . Support for the justification of this undertaking can be evidenced by Fry et Al ( 2003 ) who argue that it is obvious that experience gained through life, instruction and work creates a cardinal function in the procedure of acquisition and that this position on a cquisition is called experiential acquisition or acquisition by making . By following this attack precautions could be put in topographic point to guarantee that no carer was unwittingly placed in a place that they were non decently prepared or trained for. Masters et Al ( 2002 ) highlights the hazards that can be encountered if carers are non decently prepared and supported for their educational function as it can take to experiencing of inadequacy and a deficiency of apprehension of their intent within the programme. We need to speak about the student/ scholar experience of carer engagement? Over the last four old ages the nurse mental wellness pedagogues at Glyndwr University have worked alongside carer pedagogues in developing a theoretical account of inclusion and equality. Have we? ? ? ? What is it? This relationship has formed three typical functions ; the interviewing and choice of possible pupil nurses, learning both independently and jointly and eventually in mental wellness course of study development non merely in the University but nationally in Wales. By including carers in the interviewing of pupil nurses there is an early realisation that carers posses a valued expertness and are situated steadfastly within the multi-disciplinary squad. A fact further cemented with the recent inclusion of clinical practicians into the interviewing squad. The carers besides worked alongside members of the academic squad in inventing the interview inquiries and making specific inquiries that they the carers could inquire to prove the campaigners empathic resoluteness. Lauder et Al ( 2002 ) province that there is a important grounds to bespeak that many receivers of nursing attention, do non believe that practicians understand either their feelings or their positions. By including the carer within this inaugural relevant self-disclosure can be utilised and experiences discussed and sentiments sought. Not certain what this means for pupils Carer pedagogues have been a seeable subscriber within the programme delivering talks, workshops, and seminars. This instruction has been both independently led by the carer and jointly taught with nurse pedagogues. This blended instruction has allowed for a personal experience of attention proviso to be heard aboard established nursing course of study. Surveies have shown that ( Happell and Roper, 2003 ) the bulk of nursing pupils identified positive alterations in their attitudes, a demand to listen to the narrative and to reflect upon their ain pattern. Outside In has become an indispensible spouse in developing mental wellness nursing pupils but its carers reach has stretched much further than the confines of the University campus. In 2008 the Welsh subdivision of the Mental Health in Higher Education ( MHHE ) web was launched. Learning and Teaching about Mental Health in Wales ( LTMHW ) has created a platform for new undertakings, course of study developments, and issues within mental wellness that require a corporate voice to be heard. The web has been seeable in all geographical parts and at the head have been the carer pedagogues, non as attendants but as nucleus group members be aftering and assisting form the web from within. Not certain this should be here Stronger in partnership papers reference? No, but it could travel in Steve s spot, need to concentrate upon the pupil experience of carer involvement impact outcomes etc if we have non got the grounds we need to happen it from the literature but possibly we could foreground / complete off by stating how hard this can be? And we need to hold a solid statement for acknowledging carer s demands every bit good as service users? For illustration I know Steve is really much aware of the carer load and focuses upon that when questioning and learning He is besides cognizant of policy and jurisprudence around his engagement Good communicating and listening accomplishments is besides one of his beefs ; ) I can hear him now The first 2 above are more specific to the carer function in instruction? So possibly we need to concentrate upon them in the pattern subdivision Rich? With back up grounds of class ; ) I will go on to work on the other spots in the interim but we need a new deadline now say 2 hebdomads? so we can acquire it finished before we go on vacation?

The Life and Work of the Ancient Greek Poet, Homer

The Life and Work of the Ancient Greek Poet, Homer Homer was the most important and earliest of the Greek and Roman writers. Greeks and Romans didnt count themselves educated unless they knew his poems. His influence was felt not only on literature but on ethics and morality via lessons from his masterpieces. He is the first source to look for information on Greek myth and religion. Yet, despite his prominence, we have no firm evidence that he ever lived. Homer and Hesiod have ascribed to the gods all things that are a shame and a disgrace among mortals, stealing and adulteries and deceiving on one another.- Xenophanes (a Pre-Socratic philosopher) The Life of the Blind Bard Because Homer performed and sang he is called a bard. He is thought to have been blind, and so is known as the blind bard, just as Shakespeare, calling on the same tradition, is known as the bard of Avon. The name Homer, which is an unusual one for the time, is thought to mean either blind or captive. If blind, it may have to do more with the portrayal of the Odyssean blind bard called Phemios than the poems composer. Homers Birthplaces and Date There are multiple cities in the ancient Greek world that lay the prestigious claim of being the birthplace of Homer. Smyrna is one of the most popular, but Chios, Cyme, Ios, Argos, and Athens are all in the running. The Aeolian cities of Asia Minor are most popular; outliers include Ithaca and Salamis. Plutarch provides a choice of Salamis, Cyme, Ios, Colophon, Thessaly, Smyrna, Thebes, Chios, Argos, and Athens, according to a table showing ancient authors who provided biographical information on Homer, in Lives of Homer (Continued), by T. W. Allen; The Journal of Hellenic Studies, Vol. 33, (1913), pp. 19-26. Homers death is less controversial, Ios being the overwhelming favorite. Since its not even clear that Homer lived, and since we dont have a fix on the location, it should come as no surprise that we dont know when he was born. He is generally considered to have come before Hesiod. Some thought him a contemporary of Midas (Certamen). Homer is said to have had two daughters (generally, the symbolic ones of the Iliad and the Odyssey), and no sons, according to West [citation below], so the Homeridai, who are referred to as Homers followers and rhapsodes themselves, cant really claim to be descendants, although the idea has been entertained. The Trojan War Homers name will always be linked with the Trojan War because Homer wrote about the conflict between Greeks and Trojans, known as the Trojan War, and the return voyages of the Greek leaders. He is credited with telling the whole story of the Trojan War, but that is false. There were plenty of other writers of what is called the epic cycle who contributed details not found in Homer. Homer and the Epic Homer is the first and greatest writer of the Greek literary form known as epic and so its in his work that people look for information about the poetic form. Epic was more than a monumental story, although it was that. Since bards sang stories from memory, they needed and used many helpfully mnemonic, rhythmic, poetic techniques that we find in Homer. Epic poetry was composed using a rigorous format.   Major Works Credited to Homer - Some in Error Even if the name isnt his, a figure we think of as Homer is considered by many to be the writer of the Iliad, and possibly the Odyssey, although there are stylistic reasons, like inconsistencies, to debate whether one person wrote both. An inconsistency that resonates for me is that Odysseus uses a spear in The Iliad, but is an extraordinary archer in the Odyssey. He even describes his bow prowess demonstrated at Troy [source: Notes on the Trojan War, by Thomas D. Seymour, TAPhA 1900, p. 88.]. Homer is sometimes credited, although less credibly, with the Homeric Hymns. Currently, scholars think these must have been written more recently than the Early Archaic period (aka the Greek Renaissance), which is the era in which the greatest Greek epic poet is thought to have lived. IliadOdysseyHomeric Hymns Homers Major Characters In Homers Iliad, the lead character is the quintessential Greek hero, Achilles. The epic states that it is the story of the wrath of Achilles. Other important characters of the Iliad are the leaders of the Greek and Trojan sides in the Trojan War, and the highly partisan, human-seeming gods and goddesses- the deathless ones. In The Odyssey, the lead character is the title character, the wily Odysseus. Other major characters include the family of the hero and the goddess Athena. Perspective Although Homer is thought to have lived in the early Archaic Age, the subject matter of his epics is the earlier, Bronze Age, Mycenaean era. Between then and when Homer may have lived there was a dark age. Therefore Homer is writing about a period about which there is not a substantial written record. His epics give us a glimpse of this earlier life and social hierarchy, although it is important to realize that Homer is a product of his own times, when the polis (city-state) was beginning, as well as the mouthpiece for stories handed down the generations, and so details may not be true to the era of the Trojan War. The Voice of the World In his poem, The Voice of the World, the 2nd-century Greek poet Antipater of Sidon, best known for writing about the Seven Wonders (of the ancient world), praises Homer to the skies, as can be seen in this public domain translation from the Greek Anthology: The herald of the prowess of heroes and the interpreter of the immortals, a second sun on the life of Greece, Homer, the light of the Muses, the ageless mouth of all the world, lies hid, O stranger, under the sea-washed sand.   Sources Reading Homer through Oral Tradition, by John Miles Foley;  College Literature, Vol. 34, No. 2, Reading Homer in the 21st Century (Spring, 2007).The Invention of Homer, by M. L. West;  The Classical Quarterly, New Series, Vol. 49, No. 2 (1999), pp. 364-382.

Ethical Dilemma Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Ethical Dilemma - Assignment Example Hence, conflicts involving personal values should not be considered as ethical dilemmas although they can be uncomfortable and difficult. However there can be some complicated situations that may involve conflicts between values, laws, and policies, such dilemmas are referred as â€Å"approximate† dilemmas. â€Å"Absolute† or â€Å"pure† ethical dilemma occurs only when two (or more) ethical standards are applied to a situation but are in conflict with each other. (Allen 2012) One of the ethical dilemmas in business situations is of sexual harassment and as it is against the laws it is an â€Å"absolute† ethical dilemma. It is considered unlawful to harass a person, an applicant or an employee in case of a business situation. â€Å"Sexual harassment† or unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, and other verbal or physical harassment of a sexual nature, they all come under and are included in Harassment. Harassment not necessarily has t o be of sexual nature it can also include offensive remarks about a person’s sex. An example of this is harassing women by making offensive comments about women generally; this is sexual harassment and is illegal under the law. ... Harassment is considered illegal if it is either so frequent or it is severe enough to create a hostile or offensive work environment or resulting in an employment decision victim being fired or demoted, that is adverse. (Equal Employment Opportunity Commission 2013) For a theoretical approach to define sexual harassment as an ethical dilemma, it must follow the three conditions of an ethical dilemma situation. The first condition is that it must be a situation in which an individual, the agent, must decide about which the best course of action is. That is in case of harassment, a victim should seek for the best possible action. Uncomfortable and difficult situations that do not require a choice are not considered as ethical dilemmas. Second condition for ethical dilemma requires a situation to have different courses of actions to choose from. In case of sexual harassment as an ethical dilemma, a victim must decide what the best option is to whether go to court for rights and make it a public issue or to resolve it with the firm personally. Last condition of an ethical dilemma is that some principle is compromised no matter what course of action is taken. Even if the victim charges a case against the organization he will lose his job or have fear of losing it. As all these conditions are fulfilled in sexual harassment, it is considered as an ethical dilemma. (Allen 2012) Other factors that qualify sexual harassment as an ethical dilemma include the complexity of both the situation itself and also of the selection of course of action to be followed post-harassment. A victim’s confusion regarding whether a co worker’s obscene comments and unwanted touching are actually harassment or whether he is being over sensitive, whether the incident should be

International business discussion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

International business discussion - Essay Example Gambling generates many revenues for the hotel. The hotel has a brand of jet called CotaiJet. The brand transport many customers to the hotel. Furthermore, the hotel focuses more on entertainment content. The management is aware that entertainment lures many Chinese people. It is their basis for success. The hotel has created more hotel rooms and theatres. The management has increased the size of the arena that hosts entertainment performers. It has created the worlds largest casino, where gambling is the main activity. The management does not want to advertise casinos in China. They want to develop an emotional connection between the customers and the hotel. It will leave an effect on them, and they would forever return to the hotel. The hotel boosts of its entertainment content. The hotel hosts filming award shows, traditional boxing and often bets on Chinas hit television. The management wants to satisfy every market segment. The hotel has emphasised on retail strategy. The strategy has seen the hotel increase the size of the retail segment. The hotel has opened additional phases of the hotel. It would help in attracting more customers (Tracy,

Devils Trill :: essays research papers

â€Å"Devils Trill† Before the Spring Festival of 1973 the narrator’s mother brought him his violin; it was a fine German model. The narrator received the violin from his great uncle who bought it from a poor Russian musician for fifty silver dollars. His uncle was on his deathbed when he gave the violin to the narrator, and gave it to him because none of his sons our grandsons played the violin. The narrator aspired to be a musician for much of his young life; he attended a music school, but later abandoned the dream. The narrator is now in a camp for political prisoners, recently one of the prisoners was executed, and many prisoners were scared they were going to be killed. The narrator was made a prisoner of a fellow prisoner named Old Cop, and the narrator could not stand him. Even though he did not like him, the narrator tried to be on good terms with the Old Cop, but he just ignored him. On the eve of the Spring festival the narrator was playing his violin on his bed and a fellow prisoner w as trying to hide cakes his wife had brought him. After a while a crowd of inmates were gathered abound his bunk listening to him play the violin. The Old Cop was annoyed when The Big Boss of the barracks came over to listen to the narrator play so he told the narrator to go outside. As he as going outside to the courtyard he started to recall past spring festivals before he was a prisoner, and how he learned to play the violin. He then entered the bathroom and saw a couple of his friends and started play the violin for them. They were very pleased. Later that night he went to the Big Boss’s barracks, and they talked about the Big Boss’s upcoming release, and how he was arrested. When the narrator returned to his barracks, he witnessed the Old Cop trying to steal the one of the inmate’s cakes and started to fight with him. He eventually won the fight and was rewarded by one of the officers. He was to be one of the waiters at the festival, a job that the Old Cop would have had. The narrator was excited to receive the job because he would be able to hear rumors from the outside world. When they got to the festival they were to help the butcher slay another pig because there were more people coming than expected.

How to measure employees’ performance Essay

Emulation of strategies incorporated amongst organizations is a tell-tale whereby the former company is performing admirably efficient and effective through well formulated resources allocation on its strategy. Of the many decisions a company must face to achieve success is how to measure employees’ performance and how to reward them (Kleiner and Gautreau 2001). For the avant-garde management accounting information system, it cannot live on financial measure alone because management can manipulate such data by cutting cost, investing less and hence forth. The accounting system requires a mix of non-financial and financial data to give a more balanced view of firm’s overall performance (Bushman et al. 1996). Research by Cumby and Conrod, 2001 indicates that non-financial information is highly value-relevant for knowledge-based industries and shown as an effective tool to evaluate an academic organization and demonstrate accountability to government and the public (Dorweiler and Yakhou 2005). Current non-financials could also predict organization’s future financial performance (Smith 2005; Amaratunga et al. 2001). Unlike usual performance measurements system decades ago, more importantly now, is to measure performances relative to organizations’ goals and strategies. Amongst other key issues in the development of performance measurement tools in past decades have been quandaries pertaining customer loyalty. The emerging new generation is more educated with their customer rights thus, more demanding. Declining customer loyalty is due to extensive choices. Hence, corporations have to focus strategy and behavior to not merely selling products/services, but also serving customers (Hope and Fraser 2001). Moreover, there has been a need to increase firms’ pace of innovation. Competitions have proliferated and firms must constantly refresh their strategies and methods; generating new business concepts and processes while coping with the changing nature of technology (Kaplan and Norton 2001). Additionally, prices are falling and costs ought to reduce to remain competitive and profitable. Hence, operation costs are challenged (Inman 2000). Furthermore, talented people are hard to find; even harder to attract. Firms then have to provide a challenging work environment that enables personal development (Hope and Fraser 2001). Large businesses were leading and performing well financially but by early 80s they were displaced as market leaders as competitors vie through quality, innovation, etc (Anthony 1998; cited by Kleiner and Gautreau 2001). Managing intellectual capital or Knowledge Management, is vital to gain competitive advantage at this era. Knowledge management being a long-term strategy, development of BSC helps the company to align its management processes and focuses the entire organization to implement it (Arora, 2002). By ‘implementing’ meaning turning the scorecard into a true management system and sustaining the system (Rohm and Halbach 2006). With BSC, intangible assets are valued (Marr and Adams 2004) while above issues have been addressed also. The scorecard actually balances external measures with the internal measures, financial with non-financial information and short-run with long-run performance drivers (Johnsen 2001; Cobbold and Lawrie 2002a). Strategy of firm in BSC is matched between internal capabilities and external relationships (Kay 1993; cited by Johnsen 2001). Strategy implementation is balancing internal and external demands. Management control and performance measurement are concerned with decision relevance, thus, performance indicators on the BSC are important to managers (Mayston 1985; cited by Johnsen 2001). Learning and growth perspective in BSC can sustain efficient employees while shareholders and customers’ needs are met by realigning values and sustaining good customer relationship in the customer perspective in BSC. Besides, business processes are innovated to keep up with the increasing pace of market uncertainties. BSC helps staff understand more, unlike before, how they could contribute to the strategic success of the organization as well as proven to be a valuable tool in linking vision and strategy to daily actions (CIMA 2001). BSC appears to be very effective and valuable for a divisional manager in a large US company (Mouritsen et al. 2005). The BSC has definitely helped in daily planning activities for different industries. The strength of the scorecard is that it has ascertained the reasons due to its ‘balanced-nature’ (Carmona and Gronlund 2003). In higher learning institutions, the European Foundation for Quality Management was used as performance measurement, do not reflect interests of all stakeholders and not linked to strategic management. Studies show that BSC is adopted instead (Cullen et al. 2003). Hotels also rely on non-financial and financial indicators with increasing confidence in strategic issues (Harris and Mongiello 2001). By using BSC, organizations can also minimize the negative consequences of risk (Scholey 2006) and identify cost reduction opportunities, resulting in overall improvement (Anand et al. 2005). Albeit Cobbold and Lawrie, 2002a claimed BSC to be complete as no additional perspective of believed worth is added, in reality, variations in basic BSC are common; some add a fifth perspective such as stakeholders, economic factors (Rohm nd; Lord and Shanahan 2006). Some express skepticism about the claimed positive results and commented that BSC is just a number crunching-exercise by accountants or just another latest management fad (Angel and Rampersad 2005). Norreklit, 2000 argued that 4 perspectives do not accommodate all intangible assets, changing the BSC framework may put the causal logic of BSC into question (cited by Marr and Adams 2004). She also argued that the BSC is not a strategic control model because of its rigidness and static focus (Lord et al. 2005). BSC has also been criticized because it is bias towards shareholders and fail to address to employees and suppliers (Smith 2005). Hoque, 2003 states that with wide ranges of measures, may lead to information overload. But findings show that BSC is not perceived to be a fad (Lord et al. 2005). There also appears to have no cause and effect dysfunctional organizational behavior as claimed, the only causal is the improved performance in one perspective leads to an increase in another (Lord et al. 2005). BSC is maturing and approached because of its flexibility (Lord and Shanahan 2006; Bible et al. 2006). It has been argued that BSC does consider employee satisfaction through the learning and growth perspective (Hoque 2003). Numbers of performance measures used were satisfactory and information overload was overcome through BSC (Yeniyurt 2003; McWhorter 2003; Arora 2002). However, BSC experiences difficulty in linking performance measures to strategy (Lord et al. 2005). Other issues include it does not tackle human resource and uncertainties issues usually done in PESTEL analysis (Smith 2005). In recent years, the Porter’s model had made its debut to help managers develop and implement long-term strategy (Sims 2001). The model is used to gain competitive advantage over another but does not define for the strategic unit or as a corporation (Sims 2001). It also does not take into account the dynamics of markets which is rapidly changing. Another development adopted by large number of companies is the Economic Value Added [EVA], which includes the cost of capital, hence creating value but was heavily criticized for not being different from traditional methods (Yeniyurt 2003). The Skandia Navigator [SN] was later developed to measure intellectual capital by adding human perspective to the financial, customer, process and learning perspectives (Roslender and Fincham 2001; Shaikh 2004). Although this opened new research fields on intellectual capital, the SN lacks incorporating financial and non-financial measures which is required to provide better performance measurement (Scarbrough and Carter 2001). Works have been done to modifying the traditional budgeting system-Beyond Budgeting Round Table [BBRT] emerged coping faster with changes and uncertainties of product and strategy lifecycles; leading to lower costs and value creation (Hope and Fraser 2001). Management By Objectives [MBO] by Drucker, 1954 is found consistent with BSC-retained emphasis on achieving financial objectives, focusing on marketing and customers and pursuing innovation (Johnsen 2001). MBO is more open-ended but lacks a valid performance measure while BSC is focused (Anand et al. 2005). BSC usage is higher than other management tools like TQM or ABC (Hendricks et al. 2004). BSC initially was a performance measurement tool, after placing strategy into it, BSC evolved to a strategic performance measurement system, illustrating flexibility and maturity (Bible et al. 2006; Cobbold and Lawrie 2002). Failure to focus attention and commit onto scorecard management and communicating them are reasons BSC whither and die albeit how successful the tool has been (Richardson 2004; cited by Hendricks et al.2004). In conclusion, it is important to realize the limitations of BSC. However, successful implementation by managers would bring about many benefits. 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